In the private investment model innovators appropriate financial returns from innovations through intellectual property rights such as patents, copyright, licenses, or trade secrets.
The suit illustrated the vagaries of litigating patent licensing and royalty collection issues in the commercial exploitation of intellectual property rights.
However, other countries had no specific probative measure in the field of infringement, which was a serious obstacle to the enforcement of intellectual property rights.
Despite the absence of any such legislation, indigenous and mixed courts invoked principles of natural law and justice to protect intellectual property rights.
Although intellectual property rights in music are licenced by territory, employing such methods to circumvent local restrictions is not necessarily illegal.